Saturday, May 8, 2021

Spotlight on Students: The History of American Phrases

This post highlights the work required of my SA 202: Introduction to Anthropology students.  Students were given the opportunity to explore an American phrase of their choice, researching its history and meanings over time. Several students were given the opportunity to have their exemplary work featured on the blog, and the students who provided permission have their work featured here in this and the following blog posts.   Please show your appreciation for their work through the comments.

 

Graphic of the game, "Nine Dots," which inspired the phrase "Think Outside the Box" since one had to move outside of the box to solve the puzzle.

By: Ahshantie Miller

There are many different metaphors that we use today in everyday conversations. I have never stopped to think about the many different American and non-American phrases I used on a day to day basis. The phrase that I will be discussing today is “Thinking outside the box.” I chose this phrase because it is still very relevant today. Many people in America still use this metaphor. To me, the phrase means to do something original or something no one has done before.

“Thinking outside the box” originated in the United States in the late 1960s/early 1970s from a puzzle called Nine Dots. The objective of the puzzle was to connect the dots by drawing four straight, continuous lines and never lifting the pencil from the paper. The puzzle is solved only if you draw the four lines outside of the confines of the square, which are made up by the nine dots. This is
where the phrase “Thinking outside the box” was born.

In today’s society, the phrase “Thinking outside the box” means to explore ideas that are creative and that are not limited or controlled by rules or traditions. Thinking outside the box still has the original meaning in a way. Both the puzzle and the current definition mean to do something creative and stepping out of your own comfort zone. The only major difference is that instead of using the definition in a game, you are using it in real life.


Tjoebigham, and Smokeylicious. “How and When Did the Phrase ‘Thinking Outside the Box’ Originate?” Fun Trivia Quizzes - World's Largest Trivia and Quiz Site, 11 Dec. 2007, https://www.funtrivia.com/askft/Question89686.html


Think Outside The Box.” Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster,
https://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/think%20outside%20the%20box

 

Graphic of the phrase "Snitches Get Stitches", referring to how people who speak to the authorities get hurt.

 

By: Taylor Miller

The American phrase I chose was "snitches get stitches". When I was younger my siblings and I said this phrase, so I want to understand the true meaning of it and where it started. As a little girl my siblings and I said "snitches get stitches" a lot when we did not want to end up getting into trouble. If we snitched on them then they would beat us up or talk about us to our face after our mom walked away. It was their way of punishing us for getting them in trouble. The meaning of "snitches get stitches" to me is if you tell on someone something bad will happen to you in return. 

According to Slanglang.net, "“Snitches get stitches” was originally mainly used by criminals to avert witnesses from testifying in court, because if they did, they would literally end up with stitches, or worse." We still used this phrase a lot today, but mostly just to scare someone or to help someone out of trouble. Stated from Quora.com, "The most recent incarnation of the saying is from hiphop culture, but it originally comes from the gangland or mafia code of “omertá” which dictates silence regarding crimes committed by one’s gang. 'Snitches get stitches' is a slang phrase used by convicts to intimidate people and frighten them into silence." The way we use it now is still similar in ways from when it first came about. This meaning is used to silence people from speaking up when some people are in need. Although when I was younger we used the phrase to keep ourselves out of trouble, it is still used to intimidate people to keep anything that is happening to them to or they may put their self in danger. 

Snitches Get Stitches – Meaning & Origin of the Term.” SlangLang, November 4, 2020. https://www.slanglang.net/snitches-get-stitches.

 

Graphic of the phrase "Knock on Wood", which is typically accompanied by actually knocking on something wooden.

By: Grace Weiberg

An American phrase I chose to research is “knock on wood”. I chose this phrase because I have heard this saying many times and have used it myself. Since hearing this phrase quite often I think it means doing something to not jinx yourself after saying something you do not want to happen. For example, I once said, “I have never broken a bone before”, and then said “knock on wood” afterwards and physically knocked wood because I think I might jinx myself if I do not. After researching the phrase, I have found that there are many different theories behind its meaning. One theory is ancient pagan cultures believed spirits lived in trees and that if you knocked on a tree you would wake up the spirits and they would give you protection. Another theory is people would knock on wood to scare the evil spirits away if they were listening to people about their luck.

The phrase originally meant scaring away evil spirits or waking up good spirits to give you protection. Today it means after you talk about something good in your life you knock on wood to keep your good luck from going bad. The meaning behind “knock on wood” has somewhat of the same meaning as when it was first being used: keeping our good luck. Now we do not believe that spirits are behind the meaning and we do not want to wake them up or chase them away. We “knock on wood” because we think it helps keep our good luck. This phrase says that our culture likes to keep our good luck.

Andrews, E. (2016, August 29). Why do people knock on wood for luck? Retrieved February 24, 2021, from https://www.history.com/news/why-do-people-knock-on-wood-for-luck (Links to an external site.)

Why do we knock on wood? (2013, April 16). Retrieved February 24, 2021, from https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/50079/why-do-we-knock-wood

 

Saturday, May 1, 2021

Gift Giving Guide 15: Finding the Best Present for Your Favorite (Budding and/or Established) Anthropologists

 Every year I dedicate two blog posts to something a little different and fun: gifts for the anthropologist.  I attempt to highlight handmade and/or fair trade items as these most closely mirror the values of anthropology in cultural understanding and preservation.  If you happen to know an anthropologist, someone with interests in anthropology, an anthropology major or graduate, or someone who shares these same values feel free to look into one of these amazing gifts.

 

A gift idea for the Cultural Anthropologist

Cultural anthropologists navigate the complicated social worlds that modern humans occupy and exist in.  Sometimes cultural anthropologists derive inspiration for their work through a specific anthropologist.  For those who turn to Zora Neale Hurston this t-shirt may be the perfect gift!  Created by



 Gifts for Linguistic Anthropologists




Saturday, April 24, 2021

Applied Anthropologist Profile: Dr. Alexandra Jones, Founder and Chief Executive Officer of "Archaeology in the Community"

 

Dr. Alexandra Jones (Image Source: PBS)

 

Dr. Alexandra Jones has dedicated her career to public archaeology, working in museum, public school, and university settings.  Her archaeological career began when she pursued degrees in Anthropology and History from Howard University, but it was during the pursuit of her Doctoral degree from the University of California-Berkley that Jones was inspired to begin a public archaeology organization.  While teaching in Washington, D.C. in 2006 she realized that her students, who were largely urban youth, had never heard of archaeology despite the rich cultural histories that surrounded them in their urban neighborhoods.  She was inspired to provide her students various programs to not only learn about but study archaeology.  These programs allow her students to study their own communities’ archaeological history and their own family histories.  In 2009 the Archaeology in the Community, or AITC, was founded as a non-profit organization, which provides various types of archaeological educational programming to students of all ages and in various mediums.  This effort has since taken off throughout the D.C. area, as well as Virginia and Maryland. 

 

In addition to her responsibilities with AITC, Dr. Jones is also the Field School Director on the PBS show, Time Team America.  This PBS television series focuses on a field school experiences for middle and high school students, who get to work at some important sites across the US.  Individuals can still participate in archaeology through the Time Team America’s interactive website.  While she is not working with PBS or AITC she teaches as an Assistant Professor of Practice in History and Anthropology at Goucher College.

 

References

Archaeology in the Community. (2021). About AITC. Retrieved from Archaeology in the Community: https://www.archaeologyincommunity.com/about-aitc/

Oregon Public Broadcasting. (2014). Field School Director: Dr. Alexandra Jones. Retrieved from Time Team America: https://www.pbs.org/time-team/meet-the-team/alexandra-jones/

Weissburg, L. (2021). Alexandra Jones . Retrieved from Trowelblazers: https://trowelblazers.com/alexandra-jones-community-spirit/?fbclid=IwAR3sSc2En66voaGjV1pTFEYExf0KJUUF9Jyoyf2k2w7DS7y5HGBB0rjFk78

 

Saturday, April 17, 2021

Applied Anthropologist Profile: Kris-An Hinds, Applied Anthropology Doctoral Student

 

Figure 1: Kris-An Hinds, Applied Anthropology Doctoral Student

Whenever I speak to people about how anthropology can be used outside of the classroom it is easy to point out the obvious, such as anthropology’s use in understanding health and disease, forensics, language use and preservation, and even in recreating ancient ales.  It becomes a little more challenging when individuals from very scientific areas of study, such as engineering, ask for how anthropology can be used within their areas of study and work.  There are various ways that anthropology can be used in such areas, and this blog post is actually dedicated to showcase one such example involving two doctoral students from the University of South Florida, Michelle Platz and Kris-An Hinds (Figure 1).

 

Michelle Platz is an environmental engineering doctoral student and Kris-An Hinds is an applied anthropology doctoral student at the University of South Florida, and they teamed up to complete a great and necessary project to help preserve south Florida’s natural maritime resources and its economy!  Florida’s coral reefs home hundreds of diverse aquatic plant and animal species that aid in fostering a health oceanic environment.  This region is also critical to Florida’s economy as the beautiful beaches and scuba diving opportunities draw thousands of tourists annually.  Unfortunately, these oceanic environments are at risk of disappearing, largely due to disease, climate change, and pollution, leading to dire need to move in quickly and efficiently save the reefs from further destruction.  There are also pushes to not only help preserve but revitalize the reef systems as able. 

 

These efforts are largely grant funded, meaning that political and public support are needed.  Without these, as noted by Platz, these projects could neither begin nor move forward, which is where Hinds comes in.  Using her sociocultural anthropological background she approaches this project by seeking to understand how legislative policies are impacting the Florida reefs and how public perceptions and priorities are influencing laws and strategies concerning Florida’s oceanic environments.  Over the summer of 2021 she interviewed various stakeholders, from scientists and policy makers, to understand the full scope of the coral reef restoration problems and survey these stakeholders for their ideas on what they felt were the areas of most critical need and best solutions for them.  Due to Covid-19 she has not been able to interview local community members for their knowledge about the reef systems, but she plans to do so when it is safe to complete this aspect of the project.

 

Overall, Platz and Hinds supervisors have been very pleased with their efforts, and their work has received favorable response from politicians, scientists, and the general public.  Platz and Hinds plan on publishing their initial findings throughout various platforms in hopes that what they have learned thus far can be used not only in Florida and elsewhere.  Ultimately, they are showcasing how anthropological approaches can and do influence public policy initiatives, particularly those related to saving terrestrial and oceanic environments and local economies.

 

Works Cited

Research and Innovation. USF doctoral students combining engineering and anthropology to inform Florida’s Coral Reef restoration and monitoring . 10 February 2021. Electronic. 22 February 2021.